Global Journal of Infectious Diseases
[ ISSN : 2992-9636 ]
Detection of The Virus and Antibodies of SARS-Cov-2 from Healthy Indonesian Volunteers In 2020: Analysis Using Qualitative and Quantitative Methods
1Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistic, Population Studies, and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
2Research Center on Global Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya Indonesia
3Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya Indonesia
4Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
5Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
Corresponding Authors
Keywords
Abstract
Individuals with COVID-19 and no symptoms, known as asymptomatic carriers, are found mostly in the community. Testing is very important to help reduce the spread of COVID-19. This study aimed to detect virus and antibodies of SARSCoV-2 in healthy Indonesian volunteers. In September 2020, 45 healthy volunteers participated were taken nasopharyngeal/ oropharyngeal swabs to detect the virus SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR, and blood samples to detect antibodies qualitatively by three rapid tests (Vazyme, Clugene, and RIGHA kits) and quantitatively by ELISA tests. Among healthy volunteers, COVID-19 asymptomatic carriers who have RT-PCR positive were 16% (7/45) with average of Ct 36.14. The seroprevalence of total SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgM and/or IgG) in RT-PCR positivity (asymptomatic carriers) detected by vazyme, clugene and RIGHA kits was 86%, 76% and 52%, respectively and was higher than the negative group (34, 21 and 24%). SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers in the group that were positive for IgM and/or IgG (detected in at least one rapid test) by ELISA was averaged 109.76 ± 114.14 BAU/ml and significantly higher in negative group with titer of 11.45 ± 9.87 BAU/ ml. High titer of SARS-CoV-2 IgG anti-RBD antibodies was resulted in consistent positive in three rapid tests (vazyme, clugene, and RIGHA) compared to lower titer. Our findings suggest that healthy individuals with virus and/or antibodies of SARS-CoV-2 may have been infected recently or in the past. Antibody-positive results detected in healthy volunteers by three rapid tests were more common in asymptomatic carriers, and had higher titer antibody.